基于功率同步机制锁相的光伏并网系统稳定性分析
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引用本文:于家英1,韩民晓1,曹昕1,张夏辉1,王肖肖1,张汉花2,黄永宁2.基于功率同步机制锁相的光伏并网系统稳定性分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2020,36(12):59~66
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作者单位
于家英1 1. 华北电力大学 电气与电子工程学院 
韩民晓1 1. 华北电力大学 电气与电子工程学院 
曹昕1 1. 华北电力大学 电气与电子工程学院 
张夏辉1 1. 华北电力大学 电气与电子工程学院 
王肖肖1 1. 华北电力大学 电气与电子工程学院 
张汉花2 2. 国网宁夏电力科学研究院 
黄永宁2 2. 国网宁夏电力科学研究院 
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0900600)
中文摘要:光伏出力存在波动性并含有一定量的谐波,容易造成并网点电压波形出现畸变,给锁相带来困难。这种问题在光伏并网系统连接到弱电网时尤为突出。基于此,文中提出一种基于功率同步机制的新型锁相结构来代替传统锁相环(PLL-phase locked loop)获取交流侧相角,并应用于光伏并网系统。为了分析其稳定性,建立了含新型锁相结构的光伏并网系统小信号模型,并通过特征值分析法分析了虚拟阻尼系数、惯性时间常数和电网短路比等参数对系统稳定性的影响。分析表明:电网变弱时,系统稳定性降低;适当改变虚拟阻尼系数、惯性时间常数的取值可以提高系统稳定性。最后,结合宁夏电网宋堡光伏电站部分数据在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中搭建了仿真模型,仿真结果表明采用新型锁相结构的系统在受到扰动时,其暂态响应优于采用传统的PLL系统,并且稳定性更好。
中文关键词:功率同步机制  锁相  小信号模型  特征值分析
 
Stability Analysis of Photovoltaic Grid-Connected System Based on Power Synchronization Mechanism Phase-Locked
Abstract:The output of photovoltaic is volatile and contains a certain amount of harmonics, which is easy to cause distortion of the voltage waveform at the grid-connected point, and makes it difficult to phase lock. This phenomenon is particularly prominent when the photovoltaic grid-connected system is connected to a weak grid. To this end, this paper proposes a new phase-locked structure based on power synchronization mechanism to replace the traditional phase-locked loop (PLL-Phase Locked Loop) to obtain the AC side phase angle, and applies it to photovoltaic grid-connected systems. To analyze its stability, a small-signal model of photovoltaic grid-connected system with a new phase-locked structure is established, and the influence of parameters such as virtual damping coefficient, inertia time constant, and short-circuit ratio of the power grid on the system stability is analyzed by eigenvalue analysis method. The result of the analysis shows that when the power grid becomes weak, the system stability decreases; by appropriately changing the values of virtual damping coefficient and inertia time constant the system stability can be improved. Finally, a simulation model is built in PSCAD/EMTDC software based on part of the Songbao photovoltaic power station data of Ningxia Power Grid. The simulation results show that the transient response and stability of the system with the new phase-locked structure is better than the traditional PLL system when the system is disturbed.
keywords:power synchronization mechanism  phase lock  small signal model  eigenvalue analysis
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